The Tb3+ concentration dependent phosphorescence spectra are well simulated based on the analysis of luminescence dynamical processes using the Judd-Ofelt theory and rate equations concerning the D-5(3)

and D-5(4) levels. The energy charge and release pattern of the phosphor are presented and a 10% decay time is 29 s. The measurement of the thermoluminescence glow curve gives convincing evidence for the traps analysis.”
“Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a subpopulation of CD4(+) lymphocytes that maintain immunological self-tolerance in the periphery. Treg also regulate or suppress other classes of immune response such as allograft rejection, allergy, tumor immunity, and responses to microbes. Treg express the Foxp3 transcription factor and CD25, the high affinity interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R). Treg are divided into two types: naturally occurring Treg derived from thymus (natural Treg) and Treg induced from Foxp3(-) CD4(+) T Alvocidib in vitro cells in the periphery (induced Treg). It would be valuable to understand how to control the generation of antigen-specific Treg, which could also provide a new approach to treat autoimmunity, allergy or allograft rejection without suppressing immune responses to tumor and microbes. In this review, we will discuss

the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in controlling antigen-specific natural Treg and induced Treg. Natural Treg are anergic upon T cell receptor stimulation generally, however, we found that the antigen-specific natural Treg can be expanded by antigen-presenting mature bone marrow-derived check details dendritic cells (BM-DCs). Furthermore, recent studies showed that antigen-specific Treg can be induced from Foxp3(-)CD25(-)CD4(+)T

cells by antigen-presenting DCs, particularly select subsets of DCs in the periphery. These findings need to be pursued to develop novel immune suppressive therapies using antigen-specific Treg educated by DCs. (C) 2009 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Photostimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence (TL), and electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses click here were performed to identify gamma-irradiated (0, 1,2, and 3 kGy) fresh mushrooms (oyster, king oyster, and shiitake mushrooms) during storage at 5A degrees C. PSL analysis gave negative results [< 700 photon counts (PCs)] for the nonirradiated and intermediate (700-5,000 PCs) or positive results (> 5,000 PCs) for the irradiated samples. The shape, intensity, and occurrence of TL glow curve in a typical temperature range (150-250A degrees C) along with TL ratio (TL1/TL2) provided sufficient information to confirm the irradiation history of samples. Storage resulted in a negligible fading effect on PSL and TL characteristics. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the abundance of feldspar and quartz minerals in the separated dust from mushrooms.