The ALT simulation course provided a standardized in-depth exposure to clinical Stattic issues involved in the perioperative care of liver transplant patients.”
“We performed micromagnetic simulations of the current-induced domain wall motion in permalloy nanowires with rectangular cross-section. In the absence of the nonadiabatic spin-transfer term, a threshold current, J(c) is required to drive the domain wall moving continuously. We find that J(c) is proportional to the maximum cross product of the demagnetization field and magnetization orientation of the domain wall and the domain wall width. With varying both the wire thickness and width, a minimum

threshold current in the order of 10(6) A/cm(2) is obtained when the thickness is equivalent to

the wire width. With the nonadiabatic spin-transfer term, the calculated domain wall velocity v equals to the adiabatic spin transfer velocity u when the current is far above the Walker limit J(w). Below J(w), nu LY2606368 manufacturer = beta/alpha u, where beta is the nonadiabatic parameter and a is the damping factor. For different beta, we find the Walker limit can be scaled as J(w) = alpha/vertical bar beta-alpha vertical bar J(c). Our simulations agree well with the one dimensional analytical calculation, suggesting the findings are the general behaviors of the systems in this particular geometry. (C) 2011 American Institute of this website Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3658219]“
“In order to understand the role of cytosolic antioxidant enzymes in drought stress protection, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plants overexpressing cytosolic Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (cytsod) (EC 1.15.1.1) or ascorbate peroxidase (cytapx) (EC 1.11.1.1) alone, or in combination, were produced and tested for tolerance against mild water stress. The results showed that the simultaneous overexpression of Cu/Znsod and apx or at least apx in the cytosol of transgenic tobacco plants

alleviates, to some extent, the damage produced by water stress conditions. This was correlated with higher water use efficiency and better photosynthetic rates. In general, oxidative stress parameters, such as lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 levels, were higher in non-transformed plants than in transgenic lines, suggesting that, at the least, overexpression of cytapx protects tobacco membranes from water stress. In these conditions, the activity of other antioxidant enzymes was induced in transgenic lines at the subcellular level. Moreover, an increase in the activity of some antioxidant enzymes was also observed in the chloroplast of transgenic plants overexpressing cytsod and/or cytapx. These results suggest the positive influence of cytosolic antioxidant metabolism on the chloroplast and underline the complexity of the regulation network of plant antioxidant defences during drought stress.