RESULTS: Both Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) and Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) were decolorized efficiently in the trickle-bed reactor. A degree of decolorization exceeding 80% was achieved within 2 days with all mycelium carriers and both dyes. In reactors packed with plastic kitchen scourers and luffa sponge slices the decolorization degree reached 90% within 2 days. The initial rate of decolorization of RBBR dye was notably higher than the rate of 8016 decolorization. The lowest liquid hold-up value (1-1.5%) was achieved in the reactor packed with the plastic
kitchen scourers, the largest hold-up value (3-5%) was observed in the selleck chemicals reactor filled with luffa sponge. The longest mean retention time, 430 s, was achieved in the reactor with the luffa carrier at a liquid flow rate of 6.81 cm(3) min(-1); the shortest mean retention times (10-20 s) were achieved in the reactor filled with the plastic kitchen scourers. Broad liquid residence time distributions were observed in tracer experiments at all volumetric flow rates.
CONCLUSIONS: The ability of I. lacteus to secrete laccase and manganese peroxidase enzymes in a trickle-bed bioreactor with three mycelium carriers was proved and quantified experimentally. The decolorization capability of the I. lacteus
mycelium was only marginally influenced by the kind of carrier used. Basic operational characteristics of the reactor – residence times, axial dispersion and liquid hold-up – were determined at various liquid flow rates.(C) 2009 Society HKI-272 manufacturer of Chemical Industry”
“OBJECTIVE: To estimate if there is a relationship between subclinical thyroid disease and gestational diabetes.
METHODS: Between November 2000 and April 2003, serum thyrotropin screening was performed on all women who presented for prenatal care. Women identified with abnormal thyrotropin had a serum free thyroxine reflexively determined. Those women with abnormal serum free thyroxine values were referred for further evaluation and excluded from further analysis. For this analysis, normal thyrotropin values were those between the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles (0.03-4.13 milliunits/L) not corrected for gestational
age and serum free thyroxine were considered normal if they ranged from 0.9 to 2.0 mg/dL. Women with an learn more elevated serum thyrotropin but a normal serum free thyroxine were designated to have subclinical hypothyroidism and those with a low thyrotropin and a normal serum free thyroxine level were designated to have subclinical hyperthyroidism. Euthyroid women had both normal thyrotropin and normal serum free thyroxine values. The incidence of gestational diabetes was compared among these three groups.
RESULTS: Of the 24,883 women included in the study, 23,771 (95.5%) were euthyroid, 584 (2.3%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 528 (2%) had subclinical hypothyroidism. The likelihood of gestational diabetes increased with thyrotropin level (P=.002).