Methods: DCF fluorescence was measured spectrofluorometrically af

Methods: DCF fluorescence was measured spectrofluorometrically after a 1-h incubation of toxicants with 6-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (carboxy-H(2)DCFDA). MEHP was incubated with carboxy-H(2)DCFDA in cell-free solutions of Hank’s buffered salt solution (HBSS), or in Royal Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium with or without fetal bovine serum. TBBPA was incubated with carboxy-H(2)DCFDA in cell-free HBSS and with human trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo cells). Results: MEHP did not increase fluorescence in solutions of carboxy-H(2)DCFDA

in HBSS or RPMI medium without serum. However, MEHP (90 and 180 mu M) increased DCF fluorescence in cell-free RPMI medium containing serum. Furthermore, serum-free and cell-free HBSS containing 25 mu M TBBPA exhibited concentration-dependent increased fluorescence with 5-100 mu M carboxy-H(2)DCFDA (p<0.05), but not 1 mu M carboxy-H(2)DCFDA. In addition, we observed see more increased fluorescence in HTR8/SVneo cell cultures exposed to TBBPA (0.5-25 mu M) (p<0.05), as we had observed in cell-free buffer. Discussion: MEHP demonstrated

an interaction with serum in cell-free generation of DCF fluorescence, whereas TBBPA facilitated conversion of carboxy-H(2)DCFDA to the fluorescent DCF moiety in the absence of serum. Because TBBPA increased fluorescence in the absence of cells, the increased DCF fluorescence observed with TBBPA PND-1186 in the presence of cells cannot be attributed to cellular ROS and may, instead, be the result of chemical activation of carboxy-H(2)DCFDA to the fluorescent DCF moiety. These data illustrate the importance of including AL3818 price cell-free controls when using the DCF assay to study toxicant-stimulated cellular

production of ROS. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: The aim of the study was to compare surgical management with or without a nasogastric tube (NGT) to prevent anastomotic stricture that occurred following esophageal repairs (ERs).

Methods: Twelve New Zealand rabbits were divided equally into 2 m: with a NGT (experimental group) and without a NGT (control group). A 1-cm-length of the cervical esophagus was resected through a cervical incision and then anastomosis was performed using the NGT and keeping it in place for 6 days in the experimental group. The same procedures were performed in the control group. Both groups were fed parenterally for 6 days and orally after esophagography on postoperative day 7 as long as there was no esophageal leakage. The rabbits were sacrificed to evaluate diameter of the esophageal lumen (DOTEL), bursting pressure (BP), tissue hydroxyproline (HP) and wound healing scores (WHSs) in the anastomosis lines 8 weeks later.

Results: In the experimental group, DOTEL, BP, and HP were significantly lower than they were in the control group. WHSs in the experimental group were not higher than they were in the control group.

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